chronology
January 7, 1891 | Born in tiny Notasulga, Alabama, the fifth of eight children, to John Hurston, a carpenter, sharecropper, and Baptist preacher, and Lucy Potts Hurston, a former schoolteacher. |
1892? | Family moves to Eatonville, Florida. |
January 7, 1901 | Usually and falsely claimed this as her birthdate. |
1902? | Impresses two white ladies who visit her grade school, and they give her her first books. |
1904 | Is devastated by her mother's death. Raised from here on by her unaffectionate father. |
January 7, 1910 | Claimed this was her birthdate on her second marriage license. |
Sept 1917 | At 26, finally begins high school at Morgan Academy in Baltimore. |
June 1918 | Receives high school diploma. |
June-August 1918 | Works as a waitress in a nightclub and a manicurist in a Black-owned barbershop that serves only whites. |
1918-19 | Attends Howard Prep School. |
1919-1924 | Attends Howard University and meets Alain Locke. Earns less than two years of credits. |
1920 | Receives an associate degree from Howard. |
1921 | Publishes her first story, "John Redding Goes to Sea," in a campus magazine. |
December 1924 | Publishes "Drenched in Light," a short story, in Opportunity. |
January, 1925 | Arrives in New York, jobless, just as the Harlem Renaissance begins to crest. |
May 1925 | Wins Opportunity contest with "Spunk" and her play Color Struck; Judges include Fannie Hurst and the legendary Eugene O'Neill. Publishes "Spunk." |
1925 | Begins working for Fannie Hurst as a "secretary" who can't type. |
1925-1927 | Receives scholarship from Annie Nathan Meyer and attends Barnard College, studying anthropology. |
1926 | begins field work for Franz Boas, the father of anthropology. |
January 1926 | Published "John Redding Goes to Sea" in Opportunity. |
July 1926 | Organizes Fire! With Langston Hughes and Wallace Stevens. |
August 1926 | Publishes "Muttsy" in Opportunity. |
September 1926 | Publishes "Possum or Pig" in the Forum. |
November 1926 | Publishes the only issue of Fire!, featuring her story "Sweat." |
1927 | Publishes The First One, a play, in Charles S. Johnson's Ebony and Topaz. |
February 1927 | Goes to Florida to collect folklore. |
May 17, 1927 | Marries Herbert Sheen, her longtime Howard boyfriend. |
October 1927 | Publishes story of black settlement in St. Augustine, and the story "Cudjo's Own Story of the Last African Slaver," in the Journal of Negro History. |
September 1927 | Asks Mrs. Rufus Osgood Mason for patronage. |
December 1927 | Signs contract with Mrs. Mason, returns to the South to collect folklore. She is later accused of pandering to Mrs. Mason. |
1928 | Receives her bachelor of arts from Barnard. |
January 1928 | Separates from Sheen, briefly reunites with him, files for divorce. |
May 1928 | Publishes "How It Feels to Be Colored Me" in the World Tomorrow. |
1930-32 | Organizes the field notes that become Mules and Men. |
May-June 1930 | Works on the play Mule Bone with Langston Hughes. |
1931 | Publishes "Hoodoo in America" in the Journal of American Folklore. |
February 1931 | Breaks with Langston Hughes over the authorship of Mule Bone. |
July 7, 1931 | Divorces Sheen. |
September 1931 | Writes for a theatrical revue called Fast and Furious. |
January 1932 | Writes and stages a theatrical revue called The Great Day, first performed on January 10 on Broadway at the John Golden Theatre; works with the creative literature department of Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida, to produce a concert program of Negro music. |
1933 | Writes "The Fiery Chariot." |
January 1933 | Stages From Sun to Sun (a version of Great Day) at Rollins College. |
August 1933 | Publishes "The Gilded Six-Bits" in Story. |
1934 | Publishes six essays in Nancy Cunard's anthology, Negro. |
January 1934 | Goes to Bethune-Cookman College to establish a school of dramatic arts "based on pure Negro expression." |
May 1934 | Publishes Jonah's Gourd Vine, originally titled Big Nigger; it is a Book-of-the-Month Club selection. |
September 1934 | Publishes "The Fire and the Cloud" in Challenge. |
November 1934 | Singing Steel (a version of Great Day) is performed in Chicago. |
January 1935 | Makes an abortive attempt to study for a Ph.D in anthropology at Columbia University on a fellowship from the Rosenwald Foundation. In fact, she seldom attends classes. |
1935 | Works with Alan Lomax on a Library of Congress folk-music recording expedition. |
August 1935 | Joins the WPA Federal Theatre Project as a "dramatic coach." |
October 1935 | Mules and Men, based on her folklore research, is published. Receives some acclaim. |
March 1936 | Awarded a prestigious Guggenheim Fellowship to study Obeah Voodoo practices in West India. |
April-Sept 1936 | Conducts research in Jamaica and is disgusted by the mulattos' racism towards darker blacks. |
Sept-March 1937 | Is frustrated by habitual liars in Haiti; writes Their Eyes Were Watching God in seven weeks, inspired by her relationship with the mysterious "P.M.P.", her perfect love, whom she abandoned. |
May 1937 | Researches in Haiti on a renewed Guggenheim. |
September 1937 | Returns to the United States. |
Sept. 18, 1937 | Their Eyes Were Watching God is published. |
Feb-March 1938 | Writes Tell My Horse, largely based on folklore; it is published the same year. |
April 1938 | Impoverished, she joins the Federal Writers Project in Florida to work on The Florida Negro. Many of her articles are rejected or severly edited. |
1939 | Publishes "Now Take Noses" in Cordially Yours. |
June 1939 | Receives an honorary Doctor of Letters degree from Morgan State College. |
June 27, 1939 | Marries Albert Price III in Florida. |
Summer 1959 | Hired as a drama instructor by North Carolina College for Negroes at Durham; meets Paul Green, professor of drama, at the University of North Carolina. |
November 1939 | Moses, Man of the Mountain, her synthesis of folklore and the old testament, is published. |
February 1940 | Files for divorce from Price, though the two are reconciled briefly. |
Summer 1940 | Makes a folklore-collecting trip to South Carolina. |
April-July 1941 | Writes her autobiography, Dust Tracks on a Road. |
July 1941 | Publishes "Cock Robin, Beale Street" in Southern Literary Messenger. |
Oct 1941-Jan 1942 | Works as a story consultant at Paramount Pictures. |
July 1942 | Publishes "Story in Harlem Slang" in American Mercury magazine. |
September 5, 1942 | Publishes a profile of Lawrence Silas in Saturday Evening Post. |
November 1942 | Dust Tracks on a Road is published. |
February 1943 | Awarded the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award in Race Relations for Dust Tracks; appears on the cover of the Saturday Review. |
March 1943 | Receives Howard University's Distinguished Alumni Award. |
May 1943 | Publishes "The 'Pet Negro' Syndrome" in American Mercury. |
November 1943 | Divorce from Price granted. |
1944-1945 | Spends time living on a isolated houseboat on Florida rivers. |
June 1944 | Publishes "My Most Humiliating Jim Crow Experience" in the Negro Digest. |
1945 | Writes Mrs. Doctor; it is rejected by her publisher, Lippincott. |
March 1945 | Publishes "The Rise of the Begging Joints" in American Mercury. |
December 1945 | Publishes "Crazy for This Democracy" in the Negro Digest. |
1946 | Returns to New York, works on a Republican congressional campaign. Candidate loses. |
Dec 1946-Mar 1947 | Lives cold and alone in an apartment on 124th Street in New York. |
1947 | Publishes a review of Robert Tallant's Voodoo in New Orleans in Journal of American Folklore. |
May 1947 | Goes to British Honduras to research black communities in Central America; writes Seraph on the Suwanee; stays in Honduras until March 1948. |
September 1948 | Accused of molesting a ten-year-old boy and arrested. |
October 1948 | Seraph on the Suwanee, a love story about Florida crackers, is published amid controversy. |
1949 | Embarassed by headlines about court case, she becomes depressed and suicidal. |
March 1949 | Molestation case against her is dismissed as groundless. |
March 1950 | Publishes "Conscience of the Court" in Saturday Evening Post, while working as a maid in Rivo Island, Florida. |
April 1950 | Publishes "What White Publishers Won't Print" in Saturday Evening Post. |
1950 | Moves to Miami, works as a maid. |
November 1950 | Publishes "I Saw Negro Votes Peddled" in American Legion magazine. |
January 1951 | Impoverished, moves to Belle Glade, Florida. |
June 1951 | Publishes "Why the Negro Won't Buy Communism" in American Legion magazine. |
December 8, 1951 | Publishes "A Negro Voter Sizes Up Taft" (the 2nd Republican she campaigned for) in Saturday Evening Post. |
1952 | Hired by the Pittsburgh Courier to cover the Ruby McCollum case. McCollum was a married black woman who shot a white male doctor amid allegations of sexual scandal. |
1954 | Takes a public stance against desegregration, claiming that blacks don't need white America or its educational system. Is decried by her former allies as a traitor. |
May 1956 | Receives an award for "education and human relations" from Bethune-Cookman College. |
June 1956 | Works as a librarian at Patrick Air Force Base in Florida. |
1957 | Fired from librarian job. Moves to a small cabin in Fort Pierce, where she grows her own food.. |
1957-59 | Writes a column on "Hoodoo and Black Magic" for the Fort Pierce Chronicle. |
1958 | Works as a substitute teacher at Lincoln Park Academy, Fort Pierce. |
1959 | Suffers a debilitating stroke. |
October 1959 | Without support from family or friends, she is forced to enter St. Lucie County Welfare Home. |
January 28, 1960 | Dies in the St. Lucie County Welfare Home of "hypertensive heart disease"; buried in an unmarked grave in the segregated Garden of Heavenly Rest, Fort Pierce. |
August 1973 | Alice Walker discovers and marks Hurston's grave. |
March 1975 | Walker publishes "In Search of Zora Neale Hurston," in Ms., launching a Hurston revival. |
1990-1995 | Their Eyes Were Watching God sells over a million copies. All her other major works are republished. |
1993 | Fort Pierce builds the Zora Neale Hurston Branch Library. |
1996 | Zora becomes the fourth African-American and the fifth woman (first both) to be published in the distinguished Library of America series. |
1999 | Zora's complete writings from the Federal Writers Project are published in Go Gator and Muddy the Water. |